ЗАДЕРЖКА РОСТА ПЛОДА: МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ, ПРОГНОЗ НА БУДУЩЕЕ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Реферат
Задержка роста плода (ЗРП) – одна из ведущих причин перинатальной заболеваемости и смертности. Основным механизмом, лежащим в основе задержки роста плода, является хроническая плацентарная дисфункция в виде нарушения адекватного поступления кислорода и питательных веществ к плоду, что и приводит к нарушению его роста и развития. ЗРП ассоциирована с рядом метаболических, сердечно-сосудистых, неврологических нарушений, респираторных заболеваний в раннем младенчестве и в зрелом возрасте, требует длительного диспансерного наблюдения, проведения корригирующей терапии на протяжении всей последующей жизни. В настоящее время большой интерес представляет изучение молекулярных механизмов формирования ЗРП, ее дородовых и послеродовых осложнений. С развитием молекулярной биологии растет список генетических причин ЗРП. В обзоре мы постарались охватить генетические, метаболические и эндокринные факторы, ответственные за развитие ЗРП. Углубленное изучение основных молекулярных механизмов, формирующих ЗРП, позволит расширить спектр профилактических мероприятий, диагностических возможностей ее раннего выявления и своевременной коррекции, что позволит у данной группы пациентов снизить перинатальную заболеваемость, смертность, риск развития краткосрочных и долгосрочных последствий.
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Долгова Н.С. – аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом ДПО, e-mail: dolgovans@yandex.ru