О БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ ДЕЙСТВИИ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ РАДИОЧАСТОТНОГО ДИАПАЗОНА
Реферат
Имеются ограниченные эпидемиологические данные, свидетельствующие о канцерогенном эффекте электромагнитного излучения радиочастотного диапазона (ЭМИ РЧ), однако в эпидемиологических исследованиях не исключены систематические ошибки (bias). Заболеваемость опухолями центральной нервной системы фактически не отреагировала на рост использования мобильных телефонов с 1990-х годов. Умеренный рост заболеваемости в некоторых странах можно объяснить прогрессом методов визуализации. Эпидемиологические данные касаются техногенных ЭМИ РЧ нетепловой интенсивности. В то же время отсутствуют сообщения о повышенном риске злокачественных опухолей после УВЧ-терапии термальной интенсивности, которая широко использовалась в оториноларингологии с 1960-х годов. ЭМИ РЧ солнечного и атмосферного происхождения являются компонентом окружающей среды, они подвержены значительным колебаниям. Соответственно, должна иметь место адаптация живых организмов. Средством решения проблемы могли бы стать широкомасштабные эксперименты на животных с регистрацией продолжительности жизни. Средняя продолжительность жизни животных, подвергнутых хроническому воздействию ЭМИ РЧ, в некоторых исследованиях была выше, чем в контроле, что может отражать благоприятное действие в соответствии с концепцией гормезиса. Прижизненные и посмертные исследования животных сопровождаются затратами, которые можно направить на увеличение количества наблюдений с целью повышения статистической достоверности. Для того, чтобы выводы были применимыми к профессиональной деятельности или использованию мобильных телефонов, мощности доз в экспериментах должны быть сравнимыми с таковыми у человека.
Тэги
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Яргин С.В., e-mail: sjargin@mail.ru
