№ 1 / 2015 / 19-27

Dynamics of neurokinin activity in the mucosa of upper respiratory tract of rats in modeling of chronic tobacco smoking

Author: Lepeiko Yu.B.¹, Nevzorova V.A.², Gilifanov E.A.³, Pavlush D.G.⁴, Dyuizen I.V.⁵

Abstract

The immunohistochemical localization and dynamics of the activity of substance P (SP) and neurokinin receptors (NK1) in the tissues of the nasal mucosa, pharynx and larynx have been investigated in the rat model of chronic smoking. It has been found that the activity of SP- and NK1-positive structures in almost all layers of the mucous membrane of the studied organs was significantly increased due to long-term effects of tobacco. Maximal morphological restructuring has been observed in the epithelium of the nasal mucosa. The thickness of multi-tier ciliated respiratory departments has been changed and the number of goblet cells in its composition has been significantly increased. Morphological changes have been also revealed in the connective tissue layers of the mucosa and are accompanied with the development of morphological signs of structural remodeling and tissue inflammation – sizing submucosal glands, increase in the number of goblet cells in the composition of the epithelium, increased populations of mast cells. The results testify to the involvement of neurokinin system in some mechanisms of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in health and disease – in mechanisms of mucus formation, mechanisms of regulation of local blood flow, mechanisms of immune homeostasis. All the processes occurring in the upper respiratory tract, can be described as neurogenic inflammation, which leads to the development of overt signs of stagnation in the secretion glands in smokers, increase in the number of mast cells in the tissues of the upper respiratory tract and severe morphological and structural changes in tissues and organs, such as the nose, larynx and pharynx.

Key words

substance P, neurogenic inflammation, neurokinin receptors, the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, chronic smoking

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About Authors (Correspondence):

Lepeiko Yu.B. – postgraduate student, e-mail: LepYulya@yandex.ru

Nevzorova V.A. – doctor of medical sciences, professor, e-mail: VGMU.nauka@mail.ru

Gilifanov E.A. – candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, e-mail: gilifanov@mail.ru

Pavlush D.G. – clinical intern of the chair of otolaryngology, e-mail: pavlush.dmitrij@yandex.ru

Dyuizen I.V. – doctor of medical sciences, head of the laboratory, e-mail: duval@mail.ru

Full Text

4-1-2015.pdf

Received: 17/02/2015