Differences in the changes of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange during low-level respiratory resistive loading in healthy subjects and copd patients
Author Affiliations1Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, 630117, Novosibirsk, Timakov str., 4; Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Pirogov str., 2
2Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, 630117, Novosibirsk, Timakova str., 4
3Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, 630060, Novosibirsk, Timakov str., 4
4Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, 630060, Novosibirsk, Timakov str., 4
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in the changes of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange during low-level respiratory resistive loading (RRL) in health and COPD. The study involved 14 healthy volunteers and 11 COPD patients. Pulmonary gas exchange was measured for 7 minutes without respiratory resistive load and 7 minutes with RRL 0.4 cm H2O·l-1·s. Decrease in oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production during RRL was significantly greater in COPD patients than in healthy subjects (14 vs. 8 %, p < 0.009 and 16 vs. 10 %, p < 0.020 respectively). Tidal volume increased by 13 % in healthy subjects only. The differences in pulmonary gas exchange shifts during RRL can be used to improve early COPD diagnosis.
Key words
References
- Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / Tr. from Engl., Ed. A.S. Belevskiy. Moscow: Russian respiratory society, 2014. 148 p. [In Russian]
- Grishin O.V., Uryumtsev D.Yu., Grishin V.G. Changes in pulmonary gas exchange during resistive loading that do not cause a sense of shortness of breath // Hum. Physiol. 2014. 40. (1). 87–90. [In Russian]
- Bader N., Bosy-Westphal A., Dilba B. et al. Intra- and interindividual variability of resting energy expenditure in healthy male subjects - biological and methodological variability of resting energy expenditure // Br. J. Nutr. 2005. 94. (5). 843-849.
- Boer L.M., Asijee G.M., van Schayck O.C. et al. How do dyspnoea scales compare with measurement of functional capacity in patients with COPD and at risk of COPD? // Prim. Care Respir. J. 2012. 21. (2). 202-207.
- Carlone S., Balbi B., Bezzi M. et al. Health and social impacts of COPD and the problem of under-diagnosis // Multidiscip. Respir. Med. 2014. 9. (1). 63.
- Davenport P.W., Chan P.Y., Zhang W. et al. Detection threshold for inspiratory resistive loads and respiratory-related evoked potentials // J. Appl. Physiol. 2007. 102. (1). 276–285.
- Gottfried S.B., Altose M.D., Kelsen S.G. et al. The perception of changes in airflow resistance in normal subjects and patients with chronic airways obstruction // Chest. 1978. 73. (2, Suppl). 286-288.
- Hochachka P.W. Intracellular convection, homeostasis and metabolic regulation // J. Exp. Biol. 2003. 206. (Pt. 12). 2001–2009.
- Jones G.L., Killian K.J., Summers E. et al. Inspiratory muscle forces and endurance in maximum resistive loading // J. Appl. Physiol. 1985. 58. (5). 1608-1615.
- Louhevaara V.A. Physiological effects associated with the use of respiratory protective devices // Scand. J. Work. Environ. Health. 1984. 10. (5). 275–281.
- Mortola J.P. Implications of hypoxic hypometabolism during mammalian ontogenesis // Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 2004. 141. (3). 345–356.
- Parshall M.B., Schwartzstein R.M., Adams L. et al. An official American Thoracic Society statement: update on the mechanisms, assessment, and management of dyspnea // Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2012. 185. (4). 435-452.
- Petty T.L. Definitions, causes, course, and prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease // Respir. Care Clin. N. Am. 1998. 4. (3). 345-358.
- Rudolf M. The reality of drug use in COPD: the European perspective // Chest. 2000. 117. (2, Suppl). 29S-32S.
- Shahab L., Jarvis M.J., Britton J. et al. Prevalence, diagnosis and relation to tobacco dependence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a nationally representative population sample // Thorax. 2006. 61. (12). 1043-1047.
- Wiley R.L., Zechman F.W. Perception of added airflow resistance in humans // Respir. Physiol. 1966. 2. (1). 73–87.
- Zechman F.W., Davenport P.W. Temporal differences in the detection of resistive and elastic loads to breathing // Respir. Physiol. 1978. 34. (2). 267–277.
About Authors (Correspondence):
Grishin O.V. – doctor of medical sciences, chief researcher of laboratory of functional reserves, e-mail: ovgrishin@physiol.ru
Uryumtsev D.Yu. – candidate of medical sciences, researcher of laboratory of functional reserves, e-mail: piud@physiol.ru
Gul’tyaeva V.V. – candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher of laboratory of functional reserves, e-mail: gultyaevavv@physiol.ru
Zinchenko M.I. – candidate of medical sciences, researcher of laboratory of functional reserves, e-mail: miz@physiol.ru